Legal and moral questions behind college admissions

Richard V. Reeves, Redshirt the Boys: Why Boys Should Start a Year Later than Girls, The Atlantic, Sept. 14, 2022, was adapted from his new book, Of Boys and Men. As the Reeves' article notes: "On almost every measure of educational success from pre-K to postgrad, boys and young men now lag well behind their female classmates."

The relative outperformance of women may have caused some elite colleges to discriminate against them, as described in Jon Birger, Why getting into elite colleges is harder for women, Washington Post, July 30, 2015 ("Colleges won't say it, but this is happening because elite schools field applications from many more qualified women than men ... [G]irls generally outperform boys in high school - girls earn better grades and account for 70 percent of valedictorians").

The Harvard admissions case recently argued before the U.S. Supreme Court confronts the issue of possible discrimination against Asian-American applicants to achieve "diversity."

What are the similarities and dissimilarities in the legal and moral questions raised by possible college admission discrimination against women and against Asian-Americans? Does understanding the issues in one context help to understand those in the other?